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Tuesday, May 3, 2016

When A Metal Is Not Electriclally Conductive

We continue from the last post "Just Rolling Along...Conducting Electricity" dated 3 May 2016.

As T increases, rc decreases, since the B field generated by the spinning electron increases.

B=μo4πqv׈rr2c

Why should this decrease electric conductivity?  The Lorentz force that acts on passing charges due to this B field is perpendicular to both the B field and the velocity of the charge.  A high B field sends the charge clashing into the structure lattice and reduces its drift velocity.

For high conductivity, B field should be minimum but non zero.  For a given material, this occurs when,

rc=mec22ATATq2π(mec2)2εo1

is a maximum, ie

drcdT=0

or

q24πTεomec21ATq2π(mec2)2εo1mec22AT2ATq2π(mec2)2εo1=0

q24πεomec2=mec22AT(ATq2π(mec2)2εo1)

q24πεomec2=q22πεomec2mec22AT

mec22AT=q24πεomec2

T=Aq22πεo(mec2)2

where

A=τo2qvT{r2T+r2or}3/2.ror

A particular temperature exists for which the material is most conductive.  Beyond the maximum value, rc decreases monotonously, B increases monotonously, drift velocity decreases and conductivity decreases.  As temperature decreases, the complex roots changes to real roots.  What was a conductor can change rapidly into a semiconductor after attaining maximum conductivity with decreasing temperature.


And superconductors are all stuck at minimum B, at a specific temperature.

Good night.