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| This particular d shell |
Iron, Fe
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Cobalt, Co
[Ar] 4s2 3d7
Nickel, Ni
[Ar] 4s2 3d8
Gadolinium, Gd
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Aluminium, Al [Ne] 3s2 3p1, does not have 3d shells electrons but if thin sheets of it were to be friction welded or, with smoothed surfaces, pressed hard against a strong magnet; Aluminium is able to generate stronger magnetism especially in the presence of free electrons from an electric current through it. Stack of alternating magnetic discs and aluminium discs, with Aluminium press against the upper OR lower magnets will have an magnetic amplifying effect. It was proposed that a free electron (possibly a pair) is now in orbit in a 3d shell around the Aluminium nucleus and it is this loosely held electron(s) that amplify(ies) the magnetic field.
It may be possible to friction weld sheets of Zinc, Zn [Ar] 3d10 4s2 and Al [Ne] 3s2 3p1 together and make the resulting sandwich magnetic. Both Zinc and Aluminium by themselves are not ferromagnetic. An electric current might help an electron from the 3d10 shell of Zinc jump to Al 3d orbits. If the 4s2 electrons in Zinc now sinks below the 3d electrons then Zinc may now be magnetic. Aluminium is now magnetic having received a free electron in its 3d orbit as in the previous case.
Copper Cu [Ar] 3d10 4s1 is also a candidate for such a sandwich with Aluminium. In this case, if the layers become magnetic then Cu electronic configuration is likely to have changed to [Ar] 4s2 3d8+ like Nickel after an electron jumped to the Aluminium side.
As a whole the layers are still charge neutral.
It is also interesting that Chromium,Cr [Ar] 3d5 4s1, is an anti-ferromagnetic material, although Chromium(IV) oxide (CrO2) is highly magnetic.
