Tuesday, April 15, 2014

Fermat's Last Theorem, here's a broader margin.

So, about Fermat's Last Theorem where a,b,c are integers

an+bn=cnLetx+1=a,y+1=b,z=c,an+bn=cnLetx+1=a,y+1=b,z=c, so a,b>1a,b>1

We have

(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn=0(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn=0

Consider

[(x+1)+(y+1)]n=(x+1)n+(y+1)n+(n1)(x+1)(y+1)n1+(n2)(x+1)2(y+1)n1+...+(nn1)(x+1)n1(y+1)1[(x+1)+(y+1)]n=(x+1)n+(y+1)n+(n1)(x+1)(y+1)n1+(n2)(x+1)2(y+1)n1+...+(nn1)(x+1)n1(y+1)1

then

[(x+1)+(y+1)]nzn>(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn[(x+1)+(y+1)]nzn>(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn

Also,

(x+1)n=xn+(n1)xn1+(n2)xn2+...+(nn1)x+1(y+1)n=yn+(n1)yn1+(n2)yn2+...+(nn1)y+1(z+1)n=zn+(n1)zn1+(n2)zn2+...+(nn1)z+1(x+1)n=xn+(n1)xn1+(n2)xn2+...+(nn1)x+1(y+1)n=yn+(n1)yn1+(n2)yn2+...+(nn1)y+1(z+1)n=zn+(n1)zn1+(n2)zn2+...+(nn1)z+1

We have,

[(x+1)+(y+1)]nzn=xn+ynzn+(n1)[xn1+(x+1)(y+1)n1+yn1]+(n2)[xn2+(x+1)2(y+1)n2+yn2]+...+(nn1)[x+(x+1)n1(y+1)+y]+2[(x+1)+(y+1)]nzn=xn+ynzn+(n1)[xn1+(x+1)(y+1)n1+yn1]+(n2)[xn2+(x+1)2(y+1)n2+yn2]+...+(nn1)[x+(x+1)n1(y+1)+y]+2

[(x+1)+(y+1)]nzn=xn+ynzn+(n1)[xn1+f1(x,y)+yn1]+(n2)[xn2+f2(x,y)+yn2]+...+(nn1)[x+fn1(x,y)+y]+2+n1i=1(ni)

then

[(x+1)+(y+1)]nzn>(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn


(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn>xn+ynzn+2+n1i=1(ni)-----------(2a)


(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn>xn+ynzn ---------------------------(1)


xn+ynzn+2+n1i=1(ni)>xn+yn(z+1)n+2+n1i=1(ni) -----------(2b)

and so, when

(x+1)n+(y+1)nzn=0 -------------(S)

then from expression (2a) and (2b)

xn+yn(z+1)n+2+n1i=1(ni)<0

and from expression (1)

xn+ynzn<0

that is (z+1)nzn<2+n1i=1(ni)

(z+1)nzn=(n1)zn1+(n2)zn2+...+(nn1)z+1

         =n1i=1(ni)zni+1<2+n1i=1(ni)  -------------(3)

for n=2

(21)z+1<11(2i)2z<3 which can be true. (This is a statment that was derived from the starting condition (S) that prove to be possible.)

but for n=3

(31)z2+(32)z+1<2+2i=1(3i)

3z2+3z7 for all z>1.

In fact we have a contradiction for all n>2 because the expression n1i=1(ni) is just the coefficients of the z on the L.H.S. of  expression (3).  (For n>2 the derived statment proved to be false, invalidating the starting condition (S).) And so, (x+1)n+(y+1)nzn for n>2.

Therefore,

an+bn=cn has no valid solution for n>2 and a,b>1

And that's Fermat's Last Theorem, proved by contradiction.
(Expression (3) is derived from (S), it is not an attempt to solve for z.)