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Saturday, November 17, 2018

What Is θ?


The following formula is for the force, F on a sphere moving through a fluid of density, ρ at a velocity of v and a spin about a axis, ω

F=π2r3ρω×v=π2r3ρωvcos(θ)

from the book "The Math Behind..." by Colin Beveridge, Cassell,  Octopus Publishing Group Ltd.


For θ=0, the spiral flattens out and the particle is just in circular motion.  For a spin axis through the center of the particle, r=aψ; r is the size of the particle.


Since,  cos(θ=0)=1F=Fmax=π2r3ρωv

If v=c and v=rω=c

Fmax=π2r3.ρ.c2r=π2r2.c2.ρ

And if this force is the drag force, which is proportional to velocity squared,

Fdrag=Fmax=k.c2=π2r2.c2.ρ

k=π2r2.ρ

And in general, θ0, the spin axis is not through the center of the particle, and the spiral stretches out,

k=π2r2.ρ.cos(θ)

where πr2.ρ is the mass per unit length in direction perpendicular to the area πr2.  This value multiplied by v, πr2.ρ.|v| is the mass of the fluid displaced by the particle of radius r with velocity v in one unit second.
 
k=π.cos(θ).mfluid,v

mfluid,v=πr2.ρ.|v|

What is θ?