If this is so, and...
if we have an analogous electric scale (not necessarily the voltage measure) which measures the amount of electric charge \(x_{T}\) in a containment, by varying this value we may have the equivalent of thermal expansion and consequently density changes due to the electric charge.
As thermal expansion and contraction are readily observable but not electric expansion and contraction, it may suggests that the outermost layer of an atom is positive temperature particles that acquire loosely held negative temperature particles. This positive temperature particle layer is attracted to the electrons in orbits.
The interaction between atoms however, occurs at the lower layer just below the temperature particles where protons in paired orbits hold electrons in various modes (as illustrated in the posts "Just Rolling Along...Conducting Electricity" and "Rolling Inside" both dated 03 May 2016).
The cases of water and benzene, it is the layer of temperature particles below the electric charge layer that raise to prominent outside of the paired orbits as charged clouds that interacts with temperature particles in the environment directly. These temperature charged clouds are orientated perpendicular to the plane of the paired orbits. They effect physical properties such as density, thermal conductivity, thermal capacity, latent heat...etc, directly.
The resultant charge of the containment at various temperature depends on the constituent. Water given the size of its temperature clouds has the lowest density at \(4^oC\). A mixture of water and benzene has the lowest density at \(-22^oC\).
\(T_{ex}\) from the post "Benzene Continued" dated 24 Apr 2018, is obtained by observing the volume of a mixture of reagent (in molar portion as dictated by the desired reaction equation). It is the temperature at which the mixture expand greatly as temperature is lowered. It was proposed that at this temperature, the charge on the temperature cloud is neutralized.
But the reagents are further apart with the observed increase in volume, why would a temperature difference between the reagents at \(T_{ex}\) prompt a chemical reaction that would otherwise requires high temperature and pressure?
The reagents are furthest apart at the temperature \(T_{ex}\), however, at the temperature DIFFERENCE of \(T_{ex}\) between the reagents, the energy difference between temperature clouds that have to merge in the resultant compound, which is the barrier to chemical reaction proposed here, is zero.
Should \(T_{ex}\) take reference with \(4^oC\), the temperature at which water, the aqueous medium in which the reaction take place is temperature charge neutral? That one reagent is held at \(4^oC\) and the other reagent is at \(T_{ex}\) above (when its temperature cloud is larger) or below (when its temperature cloud is smaller) \(4^oC\).
\(T_{ex}\) alone, seem arbitrary. Does a temperature difference of \(T_{ex}\) always contain the right amount of temperature charges to negate the energy level difference between the temperature clouds?
What happens when the reagents are not in an aqueous medium?
What happens when \(T_{ex}\) spreads over a region where either reagent has an effective zero temperature charge when pure? Does a mixture of positive and negative charges also negate the energy difference between temperature clouds?
Have a nice day.
